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📝 IELTSスピーキングダイアログトランスクリプト
Today I want to talk about urban pollution and how small changes can make a difference. Many pollutants come from miscellaneous sources, such as domestic heating, waste burning, and small workshops. Local councils often bundle funds for miscellaneous projects to support community measures. Some residents repine at traffic restrictions, saying they are inconvenient for commuters. Others repine when industrial fines hit local businesses, yet often improvements follow. Measurements matter: we report PM2.5 to one decimal place to show subtle trends. Even a change of two decimal points can indicate a significant health impact. Chemicals like nitrogen oxides act as a precursor to ozone formation on hot days. Ammonia is another precursor that helps form fine particulate matter downwind. Green belts provide attenuation of harmful particles by filtering air near roads. Attenuation of noise by trees also reduces stress for nearby residents. Policy is a mix of monitoring, incentives and simple advice, not one magic fix. For example, traffic was reduced by thirty percent on certain Sundays last year. In one report the city claimed air quality improved by about 15 percent between 2015 and 2020. Other indicators, like bird numbers, did not recover as quickly as hoped. So small, practical measures—like encouraging cycling and planting trees—matter most.
📝 📚 IELTS練習問題
1
Which of the following is given as an example of a 'miscellaneous' pollution source?
不正解
正解:
A
説明:
Correct: The passage lists domestic heating as an example of miscellaneous sources. Incorrect options: Large power plants and international shipping are not mentioned as 'miscellaneous' in the text; they are large-scale sources. Solar farms are unrelated and not mentioned.
2
How are PM2.5 measurements described in terms of precision?
不正解
正解:
B
説明:
Correct: The speaker says PM2.5 is reported to one decimal place. Incorrect options: Whole numbers, three decimal places, and percentages are not what the passage specifies.
3
Which chemical does the speaker identify as a precursor to ozone?
不正解
正解:
A
説明:
Correct: Nitrogen oxides are identified as precursors to ozone in the passage. Incorrect options: Ammonia is mentioned as a precursor to fine particulate matter, not ozone. Sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide are not named as ozone precursors in the text.
4
Why does the speaker suggest some residents 'repine'?
不正解
正解:
A
説明:
Correct: The passage specifically says some residents repine at traffic restrictions because they are inconvenient for commuters. Incorrect options: The passage does not say residents repine because air quality worsened, or because they prefer more green belts, or because noise increased dramatically—these are not the reasons given.
5
What inference can be made about the speaker's recommended approach to pollution?
不正解
正解:
B
説明:
Correct: The speaker explicitly says policy is a mix of monitoring, incentives and simple advice, implying a combined approach. Incorrect options: The speaker rejects a 'one magic fix' approach (so A is wrong), does not recommend waiting for natural recovery (C is unsupported), and while trees help, the speaker does not say planting trees alone is sufficient (D is too narrow).
6
In the passage, what does 'attenuation' most nearly mean?
不正解
正解:
B
説明:
Correct: 'Attenuation' is used to describe how green belts reduce harmful particles and noise, so it means reduction or weakening. Incorrect options: Intensification is the opposite; wider distribution and measurement do not match the context.
7
Which specific example of a past traffic change is mentioned in the speech?
不正解
正解:
A
説明:
Correct: The passage gives the example that traffic was reduced by thirty percent on certain Sundays last year. Incorrect options: The passage does not mention traffic increasing by 30% during holidays, nor a 15% reduction between 2015 and 2020 (that figure referred to air quality improvement), nor total monthly stoppages.
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