roughly - Master This Word
Master this word with our 5-step learning method – Learn English in English
roughly Word Meanings
- approximately, about in amount or size
- in a rough or crude manner
- roughly speaking; in general terms
roughly Example Sentences
Example sentences are the start of understanding. Don't rush to memorize. First feel how the word works in a sentence.
roughly Phonetic & Pronunciation
UK
/ˈrɒf.li/
US
/ˈrʌf.li/
roughly Word Etymology
Root decomposition: rough + suffix -ly forms the adverb roughly. Historical origin: from Old English rūh, from Proto-Germanic *rūhaz; cognates include Dutch ruwh and German rauh; the form developed into the modern English adverb roughly. Memory image: picture a rough, textured surface such as a rough board; the rough texture and the -ly suffix help you remember the word as an adverb.
Note 1: These definitions and etymologies are not standard dictionary definitions, but extended explanations provided to help with memorization and understanding of the actual application of words. Through this background information, we strive to make words more vivid and easier to understand, and help you remember their meanings in real life.
Note 2: LexiTalk designs the learning flow around the linguistics principle of “Comprehensible Input.” When learners encounter material that is slightly above their level but still understandable from context, the brain naturally absorbs the language. That’s why we keep every word inside authentic contexts, using examples and associations to help you understand it and use it flexibly.
Read the FAQ explanation of Comprehensible InputEnglish Brain Route
I set a mug on the counter and nudge the sugar with my fingertip, moving it a hair to the left. I push the tiny scale lever and watch the numbers drift, then pull back to pick a safe count that is not precise. I adjust my grip on the spoon and keep the motion steady, feeling the pace settle as I decide this is good enough. That small moment shows me what roughly feels like—about in amount or general terms—without chasing perfect exactness.
Real Context
Roughly is an adverb meaning approximately or about in amount or size, and it also describes a rough or crude manner. It is used when giving an estimate, as in roughly 200 dollars or roughly the same size. It can also refer to a general sense rather than exact detail, as in roughly speaking. The form comes from rough + -ly; its history traces to Old English rūh and Proto-Germanic *rūhaz, with cognates in Dutch and German. A memory image is imagining a rough surface paired with the -ly suffix to cue adverbial use. Learners should note that roughly is informal and imprecise compared with approximately, which is more formal or technical.
Usage Reminders
- Roughly often indicates an estimate rather than a precise figure.
- It can modify numbers, quantities, sizes, or general statements.
- In formal writing, prefer approximately for precise estimation.
- Position: typically before the number or before the phrase 'speaking'.
- Don't use roughly when you need exact values or strict measurements.
Common Misconceptions
- Roughly and approximately are always interchangeable.
- Roughly can describe only physical texture, not numbers.
- Roughly always connotes a very loose estimate.
- Roughly must come after the noun it describes.
- Roughly can describe people.
Thinking Differences
For English speakers, roughly is casual and implies a soft estimate; learners should not overuse it in formal writing.
Learning Tips
- Memorize the two main senses: approximate quantity and rough manner.
- Pair roughly with numbers (roughly 50), and with phrases (roughly speaking).
- Compare with approximately to gauge formality.
- Watch placement: usually before the amount or before speaking.
- Use in informal conversation; avoid it in strict technical writing.
- Practice by describing ballpark figures in daily life.
5-Step Learning Method - Learn English in English
Step 1: Meaning
What is the best meaning of the word 'roughly'?
A.With great care and precision
B.Having an uneven or coarse surface
C.Approximately; about; not exact
D.With intense anger or hostility
Step 2: Usage
Which sentence uses 'roughly' correctly?
A.They roughly the instructions to the new intern.
B.She folded the roughly paper into a neat envelope.
C.The meeting will last roughly an hour.
D.The roughly weather made the trip uncomfortable.
Step 3: Similar Words
Which word is most similar to 'roughly'?
A.approximately
B.carefully
C.exactly
D.softly
Step 4: Opposite Words
Which word is the opposite of 'roughly'?
A.vaguely
B.precisely
C.crudely
D.approximately
Step 5: Mastery
Can you think of a real-life context where you would use a word meaning 'about' or 'approximately'?
A.Estimate how many chairs we should set up for the event; a close number is fine.
B.I need the precise weight of the package to calculate shipping costs.
C.Can you give an exact headcount of attendees right now?
D.Describe the fabric's texture in detail, including any coarse areas.
Related Listening
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