notwithstanding - Master This Word
Master this word with our 5-step learning method – Learn English in English
notwithstanding Word Meanings
- in spite of
- despite
- regardless of
notwithstanding Example Sentences
Example sentences are the start of understanding. Don't rush to memorize. First feel how the word works in a sentence.
notwithstanding Phonetic & Pronunciation
UK
/nɒt.wɪðˈstænd.ɪŋ/
US
/nɑt.wɪðˈstænd.ɪŋ/
notwithstanding Word Etymology
notwithstanding = notwithstanding (root) + -ing (suffix). Historical origin: English (combination of 'not' and 'withstand'). Memory image: Imagine a person pushing against a strong wind but still moving forward, symbolizing resilience despite challenges.
Note 1: These definitions and etymologies are not standard dictionary definitions, but extended explanations provided to help with memorization and understanding of the actual application of words. Through this background information, we strive to make words more vivid and easier to understand, and help you remember their meanings in real life.
Note 2: LexiTalk designs the learning flow around the linguistics principle of “Comprehensible Input.” When learners encounter material that is slightly above their level but still understandable from context, the brain naturally absorbs the language. That’s why we keep every word inside authentic contexts, using examples and associations to help you understand it and use it flexibly.
Read the FAQ explanation of Comprehensible InputReal Context
Notwithstanding is a somewhat formal preposition and conjunction meaning in spite of or despite something, often signaling a concession before presenting a contrasting fact. It can introduce a clause or a noun phrase and is more common in writing than in casual speech. For example, 'Notwithstanding the rain, the outdoor concert continued,' or 'Notwithstanding his age, he finished the marathon.' The sense is resilience despite obstacles, and it is frequently used to set up a counterpoint in arguments or reporting. Its etymology traces back to a simple combination of 'not' and 'withstand,' underscoring the idea of persisting against pressure. A simple memory image: imagining someone pushing against a strong wind yet continuing forward.
Usage Reminders
- • Notwithstanding can start a sentence or come after a comma in formal writing.
- • It usually introduces a contrast or concession.
- • Use it with care in everyday speech; simpler options exist.
- • It can precede a noun phrase or a clause.
- • Remember its meaning: in spite of, despite, regardless of.
Common Misconceptions
- Notwithstanding is only used at the start of a sentence.
- It always means the same as 'despite' in every context.
- It is a casual, everyday word used in speech.
- It can replace 'although' in all contexts.
- It is a verb.
Thinking Differences
Notwithstanding sits in a formal register for English learners; many students treat it as a rigid, mandatory contrast marker and overuse it in casual speech. It can feel heavy or archaic if misapplied. Learners often confuse it with 'in spite of' or 'despite' without noticing its noun-phrase flexibility and its tendency to foreground the concession.
Learning Tips
- Learn that notwithstanding can start a sentence or follow a comma in formal writing.
- Practice using it with both clauses and noun phrases.
- Pair it with a strong contrasting statement for a clear concession.
- Compare with 'despite' and 'in spite of' to choose the most natural option.
- Notice its formal tone and reserve for writing or careful speech.
- Remember its etymology as not + withstand to reinforce its meaning.
5-Step Learning Method - Learn English in English
Step 1: Meaning
What is the meaning of 'notwithstanding'?
A.Desire
B.Quick
C.Strong
D.Despite
Step 2: Usage
In which of the following sentences is 'notwithstanding' used correctly?
A.I really like pizza notwithstanding the fact that I'm on a diet.
B.She is happy notwithstanding his rude behavior.
C.The cat slept all day notwithstanding the noise.
D.They went to the beach notwithstanding the rain.
Step 3: Similar Words
Which word is an antonym of 'notwithstanding'?
A.Nevertheless
B.Moreover
C.Therefore
D.Inclusive
Step 4: Opposite Words
In what context would you use the word 'notwithstanding'?
A.When expressing agreement
B.When describing a happy moment
C.When presenting a contrasting idea
D.When stating a fact
Step 5: Mastery
Can you provide a sentence using the word 'notwithstanding'?
A.I love ice cream.
B.I finished my homework on time.
C.She persisted in her studies notwithstanding the challenges she faced.
D.He always wakes up early.
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